DES

Default Constructor.

Determines whether or not the mcrypt extension should be used.

$mode could be:

• self::MODE_ECB

• self::MODE_CBC

• self::MODE_CTR

• self::MODE_CFB

• self::MODE_OFB

If not explicitly set, self::MODE_CBC will be used.

Sets the initialization vector. (optional)

SetIV is not required when self::MODE_ECB (or ie for AES: \phpseclib\Crypt\AES::MODE_ECB) is being used. If not explicitly set, it'll be assumed to be all zero's.

Sets the key length.

Keys with explicitly set lengths need to be treated accordingly

Returns the current key length in bits

Returns the current block length in bits

Sets the key.

Keys can be of any length. DES, itself, uses 64-bit keys (eg. strlen($key) == 8), however, we only use the first eight, if $key has more then eight characters in it, and pad $key with the null byte if it is less then eight characters long.

DES also requires that every eighth bit be a parity bit, however, we'll ignore that.

If the key is not explicitly set, it'll be assumed to be all zero's.

Sets the password.

Depending on what $method is set to, setPassword()'s (optional) parameters are as follows: {@link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBKDF2 pbkdf2} or pbkdf1: $hash, $salt, $count, $dkLen

Where $hash (default = sha1) currently supports the following hashes: see: Crypt/Hash.php

Encrypts a message.

$plaintext will be padded with additional bytes such that it's length is a multiple of the block size. Other cipher implementations may or may not pad in the same manner. Other common approaches to padding and the reasons why it's necessary are discussed in the following URL:

{@link http://www.di-mgt.com.au/cryptopad.html http://www.di-mgt.com.au/cryptopad.html}

An alternative to padding is to, separately, send the length of the file. This is what SSH, in fact, does. strlen($plaintext) will still need to be a multiple of the block size, however, arbitrary values can be added to make it that length.

Decrypts a message.

If strlen($ciphertext) is not a multiple of the block size, null bytes will be added to the end of the string until it is.

OpenSSL CTR Processor

PHP's OpenSSL bindings do not operate in continuous mode so we'll wrap around it. Since the keystream for CTR is the same for both encrypting and decrypting this function is re-used by both Base::encrypt() and Base::decrypt(). Also, OpenSSL doesn't implement CTR for all of it's symmetric ciphers so this function will emulate CTR with ECB when necessary.

OpenSSL OFB Processor

PHP's OpenSSL bindings do not operate in continuous mode so we'll wrap around it. Since the keystream for OFB is the same for both encrypting and decrypting this function is re-used by both Base::encrypt() and Base::decrypt().

phpseclib <-> OpenSSL Mode Mapper

May need to be overwritten by classes extending this one in some cases

Pad "packets".

Block ciphers working by encrypting between their specified [$this->]block_size at a time If you ever need to encrypt or decrypt something that isn't of the proper length, it becomes necessary to pad the input so that it is of the proper length.

Padding is enabled by default. Sometimes, however, it is undesirable to pad strings. Such is the case in SSH, where "packets" are padded with random bytes before being encrypted. Unpad these packets and you risk stripping away characters that shouldn't be stripped away. (SSH knows how many bytes are added because the length is transmitted separately)

Do not pad packets.

Treat consecutive "packets" as if they are a continuous buffer.

Say you have a 32-byte plaintext $plaintext. Using the default behavior, the two following code snippets will yield different outputs:

echo $rijndael->encrypt(substr($plaintext, 0, 16)); echo $rijndael->encrypt(substr($plaintext, 16, 16)); echo $rijndael->encrypt($plaintext);

The solution is to enable the continuous buffer. Although this will resolve the above discrepancy, it creates another, as demonstrated with the following:

$rijndael->encrypt(substr($plaintext, 0, 16)); echo $rijndael->decrypt($rijndael->encrypt(substr($plaintext, 16, 16))); echo $rijndael->decrypt($rijndael->encrypt(substr($plaintext, 16, 16)));

With the continuous buffer disabled, these would yield the same output. With it enabled, they yield different outputs. The reason is due to the fact that the initialization vector's change after every encryption / decryption round when the continuous buffer is enabled. When it's disabled, they remain constant.

Put another way, when the continuous buffer is enabled, the state of the \phpseclib\Crypt*() object changes after each encryption / decryption round, whereas otherwise, it'd remain constant. For this reason, it's recommended that continuous buffers not be used. They do offer better security and are, in fact, sometimes required (SSH uses them), however, they are also less intuitive and more likely to cause you problems.

Treat consecutive packets as if they are a discontinuous buffer.

The default behavior.

Test for engine validity

This is mainly just a wrapper to set things up for \phpseclib\Crypt\Base::isValidEngine()

Sets the preferred crypt engine

Currently, $engine could be:

• \phpseclib\Crypt\Base::ENGINE_OPENSSL [very fast]

• \phpseclib\Crypt\Base::ENGINE_MCRYPT [fast]

• \phpseclib\Crypt\Base::ENGINE_INTERNAL [slow]

If the preferred crypt engine is not available the fastest available one will be used

Returns the engine currently being utilized

Sets the engine as appropriate

Encrypts a block

Decrypts a block

Creates the key schedule

Setup the self::ENGINE_INTERNAL $engine

(re)init, if necessary, the internal cipher $engine and flush all $buffers Used (only) if $engine == self::ENGINE_INTERNAL

_setup() will be called each time if $changed === true typically this happens when using one or more of following public methods:

• setKey()

• setIV()

• disableContinuousBuffer()

• First run of encrypt() / decrypt() with no init-settings

Setup the self::ENGINE_MCRYPT $engine

(re)init, if necessary, the (ext)mcrypt resources and flush all $buffers Used (only) if $engine = self::ENGINE_MCRYPT

_setupMcrypt() will be called each time if $changed === true typically this happens when using one or more of following public methods:

• setKey()

• setIV()

• disableContinuousBuffer()

• First run of encrypt() / decrypt()

Pads a string

Pads a string using the RSA PKCS padding standards so that its length is a multiple of the blocksize. $this->block_size - (strlen($text) % $this->block_size) bytes are added, each of which is equal to chr($this->block_size - (strlen($text) % $this->block_size)

If padding is disabled and $text is not a multiple of the blocksize, the string will be padded regardless and padding will, hence forth, be enabled.

Unpads a string.

If padding is enabled and the reported padding length is invalid the encryption key will be assumed to be wrong and false will be returned.

Clears internal buffers

Clearing/resetting the internal buffers is done everytime after disableContinuousBuffer() or on cipher $engine (re)init ie after setKey() or setIV()

String Shift

Inspired by array_shift

String Pop

Inspired by array_pop

Increment the current string

Setup the performance-optimized function for de/encrypt()

Creates the performance-optimized function for en/decrypt()

Internally for phpseclib developers:

_createInlineCryptFunction():

• merge the $cipher_code [setup'ed by _setupInlineCrypt()] with the current [$this->]mode of operation code

• create the $inline function, which called by encrypt() / decrypt() as its replacement to speed up the en/decryption operations.

• return the name of the created $inline callback function

• used to speed up en/decryption

The main reason why can speed up things [up to 50%] this way are:

• using variables more effective then regular. (ie no use of expensive arrays but integers $k_0, $k_1 ... or even, for example, the pure $key[] values hardcoded)

• avoiding 1000's of function calls of ie _encryptBlock() but inlining the crypt operations. in the mode of operation for() loop.

• full loop unroll the (sometimes key-dependent) rounds avoiding this way ++$i counters and runtime-if's etc...

The basic code architectur of the generated $inline en/decrypt() lambda function, in pseudo php, is:

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | callback $inline = create_function: | | lambda_function_0001_crypt_ECB($action, $text) | | { | | INSERT PHP CODE OF: | | $cipher_code['init_crypt']; // general init code. | | // ie: $sbox'es declarations used for | | // encrypt and decrypt'ing. | | | | switch ($action) { | | case 'encrypt': | | INSERT PHP CODE OF: | | $cipher_code['init_encrypt']; // encrypt sepcific init code. | | ie: specified $key or $box | | declarations for encrypt'ing. | | | | foreach ($ciphertext) { | | $in = $block_size of $ciphertext; | | | | INSERT PHP CODE OF: | | $cipher_code['encrypt_block']; // encrypt's (string) $in, which is always: | | // strlen($in) == $this->block_size | | // here comes the cipher algorithm in action | | // for encryption. | | // $cipher_code['encrypt_block'] has to | | // encrypt the content of the $in variable | | | | $plaintext .= $in; | | } | | return $plaintext; | | | | case 'decrypt': | | INSERT PHP CODE OF: | | $cipher_code['init_decrypt']; // decrypt sepcific init code | | ie: specified $key or $box | | declarations for decrypt'ing. | | foreach ($plaintext) { | | $in = $block_size of $plaintext; | | | | INSERT PHP CODE OF: | | $cipher_code['decrypt_block']; // decrypt's (string) $in, which is always | | // strlen($in) == $this->block_size | | // here comes the cipher algorithm in action | | // for decryption. | | // $cipher_code['decrypt_block'] has to | | // decrypt the content of the $in variable | | $ciphertext .= $in; | | } | | return $ciphertext; | | } | | } | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

See also the \phpseclib\Crypt*::_setupInlineCrypt()'s for productive inline $cipher_code's how they works.

Structure of: $cipher_code = array( 'init_crypt' => (string) '', // optional 'init_encrypt' => (string) '', // optional 'init_decrypt' => (string) '', // optional 'encrypt_block' => (string) '', // required 'decrypt_block' => (string) '' // required );

Holds the lambda_functions table (classwide)

Each name of the lambda function, created from _setupInlineCrypt() && _createInlineCryptFunction() is stored, classwide (!), here for reusing.

The string-based index of $function is a classwide unique value representing, at least, the $mode of operation (or more... depends of the optimizing level) for which $mode the lambda function was created.

Generates a digest from $bytes

Convert float to int

On ARM CPUs converting floats to ints doesn't always work

eval()'able string for in-line float to int

Dummy error handler to suppress mcrypt errors

Encrypts or decrypts a 64-bit block

$mode should be either self::ENCRYPT or self::DECRYPT. See {@link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Feistel.png Feistel.png} to get a general idea of what this function does.